Correctly color code and identify the name for each part of the cell membrane. Explain why NF 3 is the least polar of the three molecules. There is only one alkyl group attached to the nitrogen atom, so the amine is primary. 2. The phosphorus trifluoride molecule (PF 3) has a dipole of 1.03 D. Compare this molecule to the nitrogen trifluoride . From the "Read this" above, in which organ is each enzyme active in? Is this organelle more likely to be found in animal cells or plant cells? Tags: Question 18. Name Date substance atom electron neutron nucleus proton compound covalent bond element ion ionic bond isotope molecule van der Waals force Chemistry in Biology Section 1 Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Scan the headings and boldfaced words in Section 1 of the chapter. Name the carbohydrate-rich area at the cell surface (indicated by bracket A). What happens to the water in this reaction? 2. 1. an atom made of two compounds, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen. OH O P O - O O P O - O. Please do not click the link until you have built the models. Model 3: Naming Organic Molecules Critical thinking questions 1. The model can be two- or three-dimensional and should include at least one functional part . Write an isotope symbol (similar to those in Model 1) for each of the atoms in Question 6. 2. On the ladder model of DNA label each of the bases with the letter A, T, C or G. 4. 4. No; a triply bonded carbon atom can form only one other bond. Write the name of the atom (similar to those in Model 1) for each of the atoms in Question 6. Consider the arrows you have drawn in Model 2. Glycoprotein markers. Refer to Model 1. Justify your reasoning. 1) Q 2)R 3) S 4) T 3.Which letter indicates a cell structure that directly controls the movement of molecules into and out of the cell? Carboxylic acids feature a carbon atom doubly bonded to an oxygen atom and also joined to an OH group. (i) Write the chemical formula of a compound using zinc ion and phosphate ion. H 2 o m. This is illustrated by the drawings below. Name the parts of the cell labelled X and Y . Why is photosynthesis a good name for this process? 2. Shapes of molecules worksheet answers. The four acids illustrated here are formic acid (a), acetic acid (b), propionic acid (c), and butyric acid (d). Are the rungs parallel (the ends of the strands match) r antiparallel (t ends of the strands are opposites)? a. Plant cells use the sugar molecules produced by photosynthesis for two purposes. 1. . The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. 1 and 2 1 and 4 2 and 3 3 and 4 (ii) Describe two changes to the environmental conditions in the greenhouse which could have increased the rate of photosynthesis. Construction of the Model. 2. Explain why energy is required to move the hydrogen ions across the membrane in the direction indicated in Model 1. a molecule made of three atoms, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen. Define macromolecule. Consider the arrows you have drawn in Model 2. Molecular models will be studied to visualize the shapes of molecules and to sketch their three-dimensional structures. What is the name of the organelle? . Based on the information in Model 1: a. What is the pH that they are most active? models shown in the lower half of the figure. 3 . Name of Name of Valence electrons Lewis Structure electron geometry molecular geometry a. PCl3 b. CS2 c. NCl41+ 2. 2) and nitrates (NO. S F 4 ( g) + O 2 ( g) O S F 4 ( g) The O atom and the four F atoms in OSF 4 are bonded to a. central S atom. C?vqds 3. Explain why NF 3 is the least polar of the three molecules. 3. (a) Balance the equation. Model 1 - Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) N N N N O CH. Name the three types of drawings that are used to illustrate the molecules in Model 1. Model 1 - Glycolysis PGAL × 2 Glucose 2 ADP 2 ATP 4 ATP 4 ADP 2 NADH 2 NAD+ + 2 H+ + 2 Pi Pyruvate × 2 1, 3 BPG . Model 3: Naming Organic Molecules Critical thinking questions 1. Write an isotope symbol (similar to those in Model 1) for each of the atoms in Question 6. Mean Worksheets 5th Grade . This process is . Each of the three phases in the cycle consist of multiple reactions that are catalyzed by enzymes specific to that reaction. Define macromolecule. 2. Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. Examples: carbon-12 or hydrogen-3). Correct answer to the question Name the three molecules that are illustrated in Model 1. Model 1 — 3 4 5 Ion Charges for Selected Elements sn2+ Sn4± Pb2+ Pb4+ 02- Cll- Brl- Be2+ Transition elements cu+ Zn2+ Ca2+ cu2+ sr2+ Ba2+ Cations A13+ 1. b. Construct a model of the cell membrane that illustrates or demonstrates the following: Phospholipid bilayer molecules. 3. Some of the sugar molecules are used to synthesize other organic molecules like amino acids and cellulose so the plant can grow. Which electrons from the metal make up the delocalized electrons? Apply the vsepr model in order to predict the geometry of the following molecules. Consider the organelle illustrated in Model 1. a. Chemistry questions and answers; 2. The structures inside the organelle in Model 1 are called thylakoids. 22. Lewis Structure: 3-D Model Sketch: 10. This assessment will gauge your understanding of these different types of molecules and other related facts such as carbon-based life and bodily systems. Then, respond to the questions below, referring to Figure 3.4 and inserting your answers in the spaces provided. Channel proteins. This name is ambiguous, so draw (using stick notation) all the possible structures consistent with this name. 2. the following molecules: H Cl 1 2 O O O H O 3 4 H H C H HO H 6 8 7 H O H C C H C 5 C H (a) (b) (c) (d) ClO H O O 8 H C C H C H (a) (d) 9.30 Give approximate values for the indicated bond angles in the following molecules: H N 1 2 4 3 O O H H H H C C O 6 5 H H N O H 7 8 H H H C C N (a) (b) (c) (d) 9.31 The three species NH2-, NH3, and NH4 + have . Worksheet 15 molecular shapes the shapes of molecules can be predicted from their lewis structures by using the vsepr valence shell electron pair repulsion model which states that electron pairs around a central atoms will assume a geometry that keeps . 24. Figure 4.1 Ball-and-Stick Models of Carboxylic Acids. Solution. In Model 2, label the diagram with "A", "B", and "C" to indicate where the three steps in the box are occurring. Boron—I I STOP 2. the models of a water molecule shown in Figure 3-1. 1. Draw the structure for each compound. Name the three types of drawings that are used to illustrate the molecules in Model 1. illustrated in the example equation here: 2Na(s)+2H2O(l) 2NaOH(aq)+H2(g) 11. To determine the form of the molecule the variety of shared and lone pairs of electrons must be set. Part II - Look at the solutions illustrated above and fill in the blanks. molecules and2 molesof water molecules. Explain why energy is required to move the hydrogen ions across the membrane in the direction indicated in Model 1. . Molecular geometry hbr linear nh 3. Using your knowledge of protein structure, explain in detail the effect of exposing an enzyme to a pH outside of its optimal range. "A" occurs in Photosystem II, "B" occurs in the ETC, and "C" occurs in the ATP synthase CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 NH 2. Consider the organelle illustrated in Model 1. a. On the ladder model of DNA label each of the bases with the letter A, T, C or G. 4. Model 1 - Chloroplast 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O + sunlight energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O 1. O P O - O - O NH. Explain why NH 3 is the most polar of the three molecules. 3. Refer to Model . What is the name of the model of metallic bonding that is illustrated? 25. Refer to the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle in Model 3. a. respiration, energy is released and stored in high potential energy ATP molecules. Therefore we need to learn how to say the proper names of ionic substances. Name the three types of drawings that are used to illustrate the molecules in Model l. Ball-and-stick model, Lewis structure, and line drawing. 2. valence 4. 16 11 9. This name is ambiguous, so draw (using stick notation) all the possible structures consistent with this name. The mass number is shown as a numeral following the name of the atom, separated by a hyphen. 2. . Model 2: Hydrolysis of ATP 5. Why are the electrons in a metallic solid described as delocalized? What is the name of the organelle? Phospholipid molecules Carbohydrate molecules Figure 3.1 1. 1. 1. Alcohols with one to four carbon atoms are frequently called by common names, in which the name of the alkyl group is followed by the word alcohol: The purpose of this activity is to practice drawing Lewis structures of molecules and to use these structures to predict their molecular geometry. The three samples of identical gas molecules below all have the same internal pressure. Symbols or atoms of what element(s) are missing from the line drawings? Molecular geometry practice worksheet with answers. (9) For each of the 15 molecules ions in following table upload a file containing (1) the molecule name, (2) its total number of valence electrons, (3) the number of bonds and number of loan pair electrons around the central atom(s), (4) the name of the The pH of the cytosol (fluid inside the cells) of stomach wall cells is approximately 7. (ii) Calculate the ratio by mass of atoms present in a molecule of carbon dioxide. 1. Write and label equations for cellular respiration and photosynthesis below. Boron—I I STOP Is this organelle more likely found in animal cells or plant cells plant 2. Part 1. Name the type of tonicity illustrated in diagrams A, B, and C. 2. Show them by using the draw tool, or by inserting a shape around them, and label them accordingly. When one nucleotide contains adenine, what type of base is the adenine Using your knowledge of protein structure, explain in detail the effect of exposing an enzyme to a pH outside of its optimal range. Label one of the neurons in the diagram with the following structures: Cell body or soma Axon Cell nucleus Synapse Dendrites Which structure(s) on the neuron in Model 1 would re. Circle the three classes that are called macromolecules. How can you tell? 2. Answer. OHOH. According to Model 1, how do the hydrogen ions reach this area? The family also includes such familiar substances as cholesterol and the carbohydrates. Accept all . O P. O- O. O P. O- O. Water moves into the cells Water moves out of the cells Water enters and exits the cells at the same rate Figure 3.4 1. The name of compound I is 3-hexanol, the name of compound J is 2-methyl-3-pentanol. You find a bottle in the lab labeled dimethylpentane. 1 shapes of molecules. To use the vsepr principle one should compute a number called the steric number. Q. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 NHCH 3. Circle each of the three different representations of the sugar glucose. These problems are for practice only will not be graded. 1. acetylene 2. 4-methyl-1-pentyne 3. Describe the region in Model 1 where the highest concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) is located. 4. What is the name of this organelle? Name the two enzymes illustrated in Model 1. Name the three molecules that are illustrated in Model 1. 4. 8. Please do not click the link until you have built the . 8. 25. What is the function of cholesterol molecules in the plasma membrane? b. Name the three molecules that are illustrated in Model l. I-pentanol, glucose, and a fatty acid. 3. - e-eduanswers.com answer choices. Read This! b. 2. Examples: carbon-12 or hydrogen-3). 1 cm amylase solution model gut Which line in the table below describes . Use your knowledge of biomolecules to label the molecule with an "adenine" section, a "ribose sugar" section, and a "phosphate groups" section. Confirm that your answers are correct by examining the corresponding crystal. 3. 3) in the soil to nitrites (NO. The light-dependent reactions include an electron transport chain system that works in a very similar fashion to the electron transport chain in respiration. Are the rungs parallel (the ends of the strands match) r antiparallel (t ends of the strands are opposites)? Rather, the two hydrogen atoms bond with the single oxygen atom at an angle. 3). It would have to have two groups attached to show cis-trans isomerism. When one nucleotide contains adenine, what type of base is the adenine Name and classify each compound. Enzyme organ pH a. b. Health Science Heartbeat Concept Map Organic Molecules Macromolecules Study carbon-based molecules by clicking the following links and watching the tutorials or animations. (c) Use average bond enthalpies (Table 8.3 ) to estimate the enthalpy of the reaction. They are found in plant cells. Station Response Sheet Name: ________________ Model 1: Model 1 is an illustration of two neurons. Refer to Model 1. a. 3 1. Pick one of these and try to give it an unambiguous name. Ch3cl sif5 e ii clf3 t answer . Nitrification. These molecules are 16 11 9. Describe the region in Model 1 where the highest concentration of hydrogen ion (H+) is located. Key Takeaway • Alkynes are hydrocarbons with carbon-to-carbon triple bonds and properties much like those of alkenes. following molecules. Model 3 is a simplified version of the Calvin cycle. NO2 1-Total Number of Valence Electrons : EDG: MG Model Checked: Lewis Structure: 3-D Model Sketch: 11. Since compounds K and L both have the same name; i.e., 1,3-dichlorocyclohexane, they must be Exercises 1. Question: 2. From the "Read this" above, in which organ is each enzyme active in? Look at the bottom an op-oßths"ladder" in Model 1. 2 . )-The electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of complexes that . These three demonstrate the use of single, double and triple bonds. Find two places in Model 2 where electrons are released from chlorophyll by a photon of light coming from the sun. The number of potential organic compounds has been estimated [2] at 10 60 —an astronomically high number. 3. In step 4, the 6-carbon fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is split into two 3-carbon molecules. In the Model 2 place a green star by each process (A, B, C, or D) that represents photo- synthesis, and a red star by each process (A, B, C, or D) that represents cellular respiration. Name them. Why did the number of water molecules on each side of the membrane change, whereas the number of . Q4. Selective permeability. The existence of so many organic molecules is a consequence of the ability of carbon atoms to form up to four . b. NF2 1-Total Number of Valence Electrons : . Model 3 is a simplified version of the Calvin cycle. Consider the organelle illustrated in Model 1. a. Example 9. 2. Cells of the stomach wall transport hydrogen ions through a ATP-dependent membrane protein to the inside of the stomach, producing a pH of 1.5. Receptor proteins. Refer to the reduction phase of the Calvin cycle in Model 3. a. The large molecules of all living things fall into just four main classes. 3.1 and inserting your answers in the answer blanks. 2b. Methanol (CH 3 OH) and ethanol (CH 3 CH 2 OH) are the first two members of the homologous series of alcohols. Name the two enzymes illustrated in Model 1. Worksheet 13 - Molecular Shapes The shapes of molecules can be predicted from their Lewis structures by using the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) model, which states that electron pairs around a central atoms will assume a geometry that keeps them as Are the metal atoms that are shown cations or anions? In the reaction in Model 2: a. Circle the bond that was broken in the ATP reactant. 7. chloroplast b. Justify your reasoning. 1. a solution made of two compounds, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen. The structures inside the organelle in Model 1 are called thylakoids. Name three types of bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle. (b) Write a Lewis structure of OSF_ in which the formal charges of all atoms are zero. Both of these molecules use only single bonds. 2. 21. Refer to Model 1. a. Model 2 illustrates a chemical reaction. is a process by which specific bacteria convert different forms of N-containing compounds (like ammonia, NH. 1. 4) Make the following molecules: H 2, O 2 and N 2. 1. (Recall that a low pH means high hydrogen ion concentrations). Chemistry questions and answers; 5. Complete columns D and E in the table above by referring to the examples in Model l. Place an X in the box that appropriatelv describes the arranocment of atoms or molecules in the solid (either molecular—vclistinct molecules, or formula units —repeating units in thiQe dimensions with no distinct molecules). Look at the bottom an op-oßths"ladder" in Model 1. The mass number is shown as a numeral following the name of the atom, separated by a hyphen. Consider the arrows you have drawn in Model 2. It is a chloroplast. 2 POGIL™ Activities for AP* Biology How many bonds are typically formed by each of the following atoms: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Which types of drawings in Model 1 provide more accurate images of the shape of a molecule? 26. The diagram of ATP in Model 1 has three parts. Predict two things that you think might be discussed. Name the three types of drawings that are used to illustrate the molecules in Model 1. Consider the arrows you have drawn in Model 2. Model 1 - Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) N. N N. N O CH 2 O P O - O- O. NH 2. 8. Rank the samples from lowest temperature to highest temperature, and add arrows of appropriate size to illustrate the average kinetic energy of the molecules in the samples. Figure 1. Identify three elements that form only one cation. 5a) Now, make H 2 O and NH 3. 2. These enzymes have names like RuBisCo, phosphoglycerate kinase, and PGAL hydrogenase. Other molecules can reduce the rate of reaction for enzymes by binding to the protein and either blocking the spot where the substrate will bind or by making the enzyme's shape incompatible with the substrate. 26. CH 3 CH 2 NHCH 2 CH 3. C?vqds 3. Refer to Model 1. a. Pick one of these and try to give it an unambiguous name. These enzymes have names like RuBisCo, phosphoglycerate kinase, and PGAL hydrogenase. Name the two enzymes illustrated in Model 1. 24. These compounds are constitutional isomers of each other since they have different IUPAC names. 2. Name the three types of drawings that are used to illustrate the molecules in Model 1. 3. Refer to Model 1. a. Notice too in Figure 3-1 that the three atoms in a water molecule are not arranged in a straight line as you might expect. In the light-dependent reaction electrons are released from molecules in two ways. How many bonds are typically formed by each of the following atoms: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Which types of drawings in Model 1 provide more accurate images of the shape of a molecule? Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids 2. The phosphorus trifluoride molecule (PF 3) has a dipole of 1.03 D. Compare this molecule to the nitrogen trifluoride . Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids 2. Write the name of the atom (similar to those in Model 1) for each of the atoms in Question 6. Name them. 3. Cholesterol. Circle the three classes that are called macromolecules. Write the reaction as an equation, using the name of each of the two reactants (input molecules) and each of the three products (outputs). (ii) No of moles = Given Mass/Molar Mass = m/M. Explain why NH 3 is the most polar of the three molecules. = 56/20 = 2.8. Enzyme organ pH a. b. **From here on out, every reaction occurs twice for every one molecule of glucose**. Pre-Lab Questions 1. an element made of three atoms, 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen. Chapter 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules Concept 5.1 Macromolecules are polymers, built from monomers 1. 6. 3. Photosynthesis POGIL 1. The diagram of ATP in Model 1 has three parts. 22. 2. 9. A ball-and-stick model shows the geometric arrangement of the atoms with atomic sizes not to scale, and a space-filling model shows the relative sizes of the atoms. Chapter 4 Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions Figure 4.1 Many modern rocket fuels are solid mixtures of substances combined in carefully measured amounts and ignited to yield a thrust-generating chemical reaction. 4. 4. Is this organelle more likely found in animal cells or plant cells 2. 5. The three phases of cellular respiration that oxidize the glucose molecule to carbon dioxide are glycolysis, the Link reaction and the Krebs cycle. The substance water, H 2 O , is. Each of the three phases in the cycle consist of multiple reactions that are catalyzed by enzymes specific to that reaction. Answers will vary. A picture of these three models. Refer to Model 1. Refer to Model 1. According to Model 1, how do the hydrogen ions reach this area? 3. (i) The exact number of atoms present in 12 gm of carbon-12 is called Avogadro constant. 1) diffusion 2) active transport 3) information storage 4)metabolic processes 4.In a cell, all organelles work together to carry out 1) mitochondrion 2) endoplasmic reticulum 3) cell wall 4)ribosome You should have drawn 4 structures in Q3. You find a bottle in the lab labeled dimethylpentane. The largest database [1] of organic compounds lists about 10 million substances, which include compounds originating from living organisms and those synthesized by chemists. A methane molecule can be represented as (a) a molecular formula, (b) a structural formula, (c) a ball-and-stick model, and (d) a space-filling model. In Model 2, what shape or symbol represents a single electron? Although the total electrical charge on a water molecule is neutral, 3. This is illustrated by the drawings below. Model 1 - Chloroplast 6CO 2 + 12H 2 O + sunlight energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 + 6H 2 O 1. 4. What is the pH that they are most active? It's important to note that there is an equilibrium between these two 3-carbon molecules so essentially both of these molecules are used in step 6. One of the goals of . Use your knowledge of biomolecules to label the molecule with an "adenine" section, a "ribose sugar" section, and a "phosphate groups" section. (credit: modification of work by NASA) Briefly describe how this system works and what job it performs in the light-dependent reactions. 1. 3. You should have drawn 4 structures in Q3. (Your answer should include a discussion about concentration gradient. The structures inside the organelle in Model 1 are called thylakoids. No 3 1 triangular. What name is given to this model of membrane structure? Po 4 3 tetrahedral. Figure 4.3 Regardless of the absolute number of molecules involved, the ratios between numbers of molecules are . 15 molecules illustrated below. Model 3 illustrates how nature recycles what natural resource? b.
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